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Technology-Enhanced Learning and Master Craftsperson Preparation Programs for Informal and Non-Formal Vocational Training in Developing Countries

Technology-Enhanced Learning and Master Craftsperson Preparation Programs for Informal and Non-Formal Vocational Training in Developing Countries
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Author(s): Benjamin A. Ogwo (State University of New York, Oswego, USA)
Copyright: 2026
Pages: 26
Source title: Reimagining Global Vocational Teacher Education Through Technology-Enhanced Learning (TEL)
Source Author(s)/Editor(s): Chibueze Tobias Orji (University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa)
DOI: 10.4018/979-8-3373-5865-9.ch006

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Abstract

This chapter examines how Technology-Enhanced Learning (TEL) can be integrated into informal and non-formal vocational training systems in developing countries to address persistent skills gaps that limit economic development. Although the informal sector contributes around 30–40% of GDP in many developing economies, informal vocational training remains marginalised within education policies and development frameworks. The chapter explores strategies for equipping master craftspersons to integrate digital technologies into traditional apprenticeship systems, drawing on human capital theory, social learning theory, technology acceptance models, and the capability approach. While master–apprentice relationships effectively transmit tacit and cultural knowledge, they face challenges related to pedagogical consistency, standardisation, and formal recognition. The chapter proposes TEL interventions, including personalised learning platforms, virtual simulations, and mobile-based delivery systems, to enhance instructional quality while preserving cultural authenticity.

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