Unexpected Artifacts in a Digital Photograph

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Author(s): Matthew J. Sorell (University of Adelaide, Australia)
Copyright: 2011
Pages: 13
Source title: New Technologies for Digital Crime and Forensics: Devices, Applications, and Software
Source Author(s)/Editor(s): Chang-Tsun Li (University of Warwick, UK)and Anthony T. S. Ho (University of Surrey, UK)
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-60960-515-5.ch015

Keywords: Digital Crime & Forensics / Information Science Reference / IT Security and Ethics / Security & Forensics

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Abstract

This chapter investigates an unexpected phenomenon observed in a recent digital photograph, in which the logo of a non-sponsoring sports company appears on the jersey of a famous football player in just one of a sequence of images. After eliminating deliberate image tampering as a cause, a hypothetical sequence of circumstances is proposed, concerning the lighting, dominant colours, infrared sensitivity, optical pre-processing, image enhancement and JPEG compression. The hypotheses are tested using a digital SLR camera. The investigation is of interest in a forensic context, firstly as a possible explanation in case such a photograph is observed, and secondly to be able to confirm or refute claims of such artifacts put forward claiming that a hypothetical image is not really what it claims to be.

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