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Understanding the Science of Natural Disaster
Abstract
This chapter examines the relationship between natural hazards and vulnerabilities such as economic, social, environmental, and physical factors, which heighten the global impact of natural disasters. Recent data show alarming trends with 3.6 million deaths, 7.7 billion people affected, and $3.3 trillion in economic losses due to natural disasters. These events, including earthquakes, floods, and wildfires, have increased in frequency and intensity due to human activities such as rapid urbanization, environmental degradation, and climate change. Developing countries are particularly vulnerable due to their socio-economic conditions, exacerbating disaster impacts. This study advocates for sustainable urban planning and resilient human settlements as essential strategies to mitigate disaster effects and promote sustainable development. Recommendations include adopting integrated, eco-friendly development strategies that prioritize environmental conservation and human well-being to enhance resilience against future disasters.
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