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Nation-State Cyber Attacks on Critical Infrastructure: A Case Study and Analysis of the 2014 Sony Pictures Hack by North Korea
Abstract
In the 21st century, there has been a great deal of importance ascribed to international security. A standard procedure used by adversarial states and non-state actors to propagate their continuous and calculated malicious objectives are cyber offenses such as cyber-espionage, hacktivism, cyberwar, as well as other cybercriminal activities (Hwang & Choi, 2021). Even though cyber-attacks were initially thought to be perpetrated by individuals or privately owned organizations, more and more attacks are being orchestrated by nation states, other states or even targeted towards individual organizations. Recent reports have shown that North Korea has an advance cyber warfare capacity, and a substantial number of its workforce is allegedly engaged in the activities of the dark web with a direct support from the government
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