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Implications of NIRS Brain Signals

Implications of NIRS Brain Signals
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Author(s): Munetaka Haida (Tokai University Junior College of Nursing and Medical Technology, Japan,)
Copyright: 2013
Pages: 9
Source title: Biomedical Engineering and Cognitive Neuroscience for Healthcare: Interdisciplinary Applications
Source Author(s)/Editor(s): Jinglong Wu (Okayama University, Japan)
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-2113-8.ch013

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Abstract

Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) is commonly used for functional brain studies. With this method, brain signals can be easily obtained, but the interpretation of these signals still remains unclear. This chapter provides a simple model to interpret the NIRS signal, which is based on the following assumptions: 1. The NIRS signal may reflect Hb levels only in the capillaries and not in large vessels; 2. The brain has a lighter color than the other tissues, indicating that the Hb concentration in brain tissue is very low and intensity level of the NIRS signal is very high; 3. A photon that hits a large vessel is too weak to be detected in the surrounding high signal environment; 4. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) can be separated into cross-sections (the number of capillary beds) that are multiplied by the velocity. This model can explain the typical signal pattern observed during task performance, where oxy-Hb levels increase and deoxy-Hb levels slightly decrease.

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