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Experimental Approaches to Fuel Desulphurization: Catalysts, Conditions, and Performance

Experimental Approaches to Fuel Desulphurization: Catalysts, Conditions, and Performance
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Author(s): Subhraraj Panda (Centurion University of Technology and Management, Bhubaneswar, India), Niharika Das (Centurion University of Technology and Management, Bhubaneswar, India)and Rajalaxmi Panda (S.K.C.G. Autonomous College, Paralakhemundi, India)
Copyright: 2026
Pages: 36
Source title: Evolving Approaches to Fuel Desulfurization With Nanocomposites
Source Author(s)/Editor(s): Tawfik A. Saleh (King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Saudi Arabia)
DOI: 10.4018/979-8-3373-5966-3.ch004

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Abstract

Desulphurization of fossil fuels has emerged as a critical area of research in energy science and environmental engineering due to increasingly stringent environmental regulations. Sulphur compounds in fuels are precursors to SOx emissions, which contribute to acid rain, smog formation, and adverse health effects. This chapter provides an in-depth exploration of experimental approaches to fuel desulphurization, with a primary focus on catalysts, process conditions, and performance outcomes. Emphasis is placed on hydrodesulphurization (HDS), oxidative desulphurization (ODS), adsorptive desulphurization (ADS), biodesulphurization (BDS), and emerging nanocomposite-based methods. Comparative analysis of catalyst design, experimental methodologies, and operating conditions is presented alongside discussions on reaction mechanisms and performance indicators. The chapter concludes by highlighting the future perspectives of nanostructured catalysts in achieving ultra-deep desulphurization under mild operating conditions.

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