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Dot Net and J2EE for Web Services
Abstract
The capabilities of Internet technologies continue to evolve as businesses learn and implement more sophisticated e-business applications in order to adapt to dynamic environments. Web services are an industry-wide response to the need for a more flexible and efficient business collaboration environment. Supported by major institutions and industry leaders, Web services have become the promising method for making e-business information and applications programmatically available via the Internet. Web services are self-contained, modular business applications that have open, Internet-oriented, and standards-based interfaces. Chen, Chen, and Shao (2003) provide a good review of the implications and impacts of Web services to electronic-commerce research and practices. In order for the Web-services idea to become a working reality, there must be a common agreement on how they will work. Web services rely on a set of standards to support interoperability among applications developed in different languages and running on different platforms or operating systems. Core Web-services standards include SOAP (simple object access protocol), WSDL (Web services description language), and UDDI (universal description, discovery, and integration). The basic idea of Web services is the use of the SOAP messaging protocol to invoke software methods in remote systems. A WSDL file contains service definitions for distributed systems to support the automatic creation of client-side links and the binding to the Web services. UDDI is a registry standard for Web-services providers to publish their Web services. It then can be used by a Web-services consumer to discover (search) Web services developed by Web-services providers. The grand vision of Web-services-oriented architecture is that Web services can be composed and invoked dynamically to support business processes within and across enterprises. A number of new standards have been introduced to address this Web-services composition issue, including BPEL4WS (business process execution language for Web services), WSCI (Web services choreography interface), and BPML (business process modeling language; Arkin, 2002; Arkin et al., 2002). Semantic matching and Semantic Web are other developments that enable greater access to services on the Web (Berners-Lee, Hendler, & Lassila, 2001; McIlraith, Son, & Zeng, 2001). The purposes for the development of an ontology of services, DAML-S (DAML Services Coalition, 2003) under the DARPA agent markup language (DAML) program, are closely related to various Web-services standards. There are very limited interactions between Web-services standards and semantic-Web research. Adding ontology support to UDDI to facilitate Web-services search is a promising direction for future research.
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