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Digital Literacy Initiatives, Policy Evaluation, and Machine Learning: Cyber Laws and Their Role in Safeguarding Children Online
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Author(s): Hitesh Rawat (University of Extremadura, Spain), Priya Matta (Tula's Institute, Dehradun, India), Kuldeep Singh (Arkansas Tech University, USA), Prathamesh Muzumdar (Mangalayatan University, India), A. Samson Arun Raj (Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, India)and Sanjaya Kumar Sarangi (Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, India)
Copyright: 2026
Pages: 24
Source title:
Child Protection Laws and Crime in the Digital Era
Source Author(s)/Editor(s): Romil Rawat (LabGeoInf-Research LABoratory in GEOmatics and INFormation systems, National Research Council in Italy, Rome, Italy), Sanjaya Kumar Sarangi (Utkal University, India), A. Samson Arun Raj (Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, India), Janet Olivia Richmond (Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, India)and Purvee Bhardwaj (Rabindranath Tagore University, India)
DOI: 10.4018/979-8-3373-5132-2.ch012
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Abstract
As digital education and social media grow rapidly in India, children face increasing risks online, including cyberbullying, exploitation, and exposure to harmful content. This study assesses how effectively Indian cyber laws protect minors in the digital space. A new approach—Legal-Empirical Safeguard Analysis Method (LESAM)—was used, combining legal analysis with real-world data. The study analyzed 7,842 child-targeted cybercrime cases reported to the NCRB from 2018 to 2023. LESAM utilized policy evaluation and machine learning (Random Forest) to classify incidents by severity and response. Findings revealed that 63.4% of cases were handled under the IT Act (2000), while 21.8% involved the POCSO Act. The model accurately identified high-risk cases 91.7% of the time. While current laws provide a strong foundation, enforcement gaps and limited public awareness persist. The study calls for better digital literacy initiatives and improved inter-agency coordination to enhance child safety online.
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