Toxicological Effects of Carbon Nanotubes

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Author(s): James C. Bonner (North Carolina State University, USA)
Copyright: 2015
Pages: 16
Source title: Handbook of Research on Diverse Applications of Nanotechnology in Biomedicine, Chemistry, and Engineering
Source Author(s)/Editor(s): Shivani Soni (Alabama State University, USA), Amandeep Salhotra (City of Hope National Medical Center, USA)and Mrutyunjay Suar (KIIT University, India)
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-6363-3.ch015

Keywords: Computer Science & IT / Engineering Science / Engineering Science Reference / Nanotechnology

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Abstract

The rapidly evolving field of nanotechnology offers many potential societal and economic benefits. Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) are one of the most widely produced engineered nanomaterials and have diverse applications in engineering, electronics, and medicine. They have also been extensively investigated for their toxicological properties. Studies with rodents indicate that CNTs can cause lung fibrosis or granuloma formation, exacerbate pre-existing respiratory disease, cause injury to the sensitive pleural lining of the lungs, and have systemic immunosuppressive effects. CNTs have also been reported to cause genotoxic effects on cultured cells. The fiber-like structure of CNTs has led to comparisons with asbestos fibers; yet the debate over whether CNTs cause mesothelioma remains highly controversial, and evidence thus far is lacking. The aim of this chapter is to overview the evidence in rodent models that CNTs cause lung disease and to discuss the potential of CNTs to cause adverse immune, fibrogenic, or carcinogenic effects in humans as a result of occupational, consumer, or environmental exposure.

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