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The Role of Microbial Communities in Hydrophyte-Assisted Bioremediation
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Author(s): Shagufta Rashid (Annamalai University, India), Aadil Farooq Shah (Annamalai University, India)and Padma Sharma (Department of Ecology Environment and Remote Sensing, Paryavaran Bhawan Transport, India)
Copyright: 2026
Pages: 26
Source title:
Hydrophyte Strategies for Heavy Metal Stress Mitigation
Source Author(s)/Editor(s): Mansi Sharma (Sharda University, India), Priyanka Mahajan (Chandigarh University, India)and Har Mohan Singh (Sharda University, India)
DOI: 10.4018/979-8-3373-4037-1.ch003
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Abstract
Hydrophyte-assisted bioremediation is a prospective green technology for extenuating water pollution, particularly in raised wetlands and other aquatic treatment systems. The microbial populations linked to hydrophytes, particularly in the rhizosphere, are primarily responsible for this approach. Root exudates from hydrophytes not only shape microbial community composition but also enhance microbial activity, leading to increased rates of processes such as nitrification, denitrification, sulphate reduction and organic matter decomposition. In return, microbes support plant health. This chapter provides an in-depth overview of the functional roles and ecological dynamics of microbial communities in hydrophyte-based remediation systems. It also explores current advances in microbial community profiling, such as metagenomics and transcriptomics, which offer new insights into the plant–microbe interactions underpinning these systems. Understanding these symbiotic relationships is key to designing, low-cost, and sustainable treatment technologies for contaminated aquatic environments.
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