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Self-Report Measures of Discrete Emotions

Self-Report Measures of Discrete Emotions
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Author(s): J. Dillard (The Pennsylvania State University, USA)and L. Shen (University of Georgia, USA)
Copyright: 2007
Pages: 4
Source title: Handbook of Research on Electronic Surveys and Measurements
Source Author(s)/Editor(s): Rodney A. Reynolds (Azusa Pacific University, USA), Robert Woods (Spring Arbor University, USA)and Jason D. Baker (Regent University, USA)
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-59140-792-8.ch044

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Abstract

According to appraisal theories of emotion, negative emotions arise from the perception that the environment is in an incongruent relationship with the individual’s goals (Dillard, 1997; Frijda, 1986; Lazarus, 1991). In contrast, when an individual judges that the current environment is likely to facilitate his or her goals, positive emotions follow (Frijda, 1986; Lazarus, 1991). However, both within and across these broad categories, individual emotions can be discriminated along several lines (Frijda, 1986; Lazarus, 1991; Oatley, 1992; Roseman, Weist, & Swartz, 1994; Scherer, 1984). First, emotions vary in terms of their signal value (Table 1, column 2). That is, emotions are a source of information regarding the state of the person-environment relationship. For example, surprise follows from the perception of novelty in the environment and registers that perception in conscious awareness (Frijda, 1986; Lazarus, 1991; Oatley, 1992; Roseman et al., 1994; Scherer, 1984). Emotions also signal the mobilization of psychological and physiological resources correspondent to that person-environment relationship. The subjective experience of an emotion also relays this information to consciousness. In this sense, an emotion may be viewed as a summary readout of the changes taking place in the body (Buck, 1997).

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