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Risks and Challenges of Deepfakes in National and European Parliament Elections

Risks and Challenges of Deepfakes in National and European Parliament Elections
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Author(s): Viktorija Soņeca (Supreme Court of Latvia, Latvia)
Copyright: 2026
Pages: 24
Source title: Combatting Misinformation and Global Nation's False Narratives Through Education
Source Author(s)/Editor(s): Goran Ilik (University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Bitola, North Macedonia), Mladen Karadjoski (University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Bitola, North Macedonia), Ice Ilijevski (University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Bitola, North Macedonia)and Blagoj Nenovski (University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Bitola, North Macedonia)
DOI: 10.4018/979-8-3693-9601-8.ch006

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Abstract

Deepfake technology, initially developed for interactive entertainment, has increasingly become a tool for influencing voter behavior, making its impact particularly significant in the context of the 2024 elections. This relevance is heightened by the occurrence of multiple national elections held concurrently with the European Parliament (EP) elections. In response, various countries have introduced legal frameworks to address the challenges posed by deepfakes. This chapter examines these national legal approaches and analyzes their interaction with the broader European Union (EU) legal system in combating disinformation and promoting voter participation. It provides a concise overview of the evolution of deepfake technology, demonstrates its role in voter manipulation through disinformation campaigns, and evaluates the EU's strategic measures aimed at mitigating the adverse effects of deepfakes. Ultimately, the chapter underscores the importance of coordinated legal and policy efforts to safeguard democratic processes across the EU and its member states.

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