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Paradigms of Governance: From Technocracy to Democracy

Paradigms of Governance: From Technocracy to Democracy
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Author(s): Sylvain Lavelle (Center for Ethics, Technology and Society (CETS), ICAM Paris-Sénart, France)
Copyright: 2013
Pages: 23
Source title: Ethical Governance of Emerging Technologies Development
Source Author(s)/Editor(s): Fernand Doridot (Centre for Ethics, Technics and Society (CETS), ICAM of Lille, FRANCE), Penny Duquenoy (Middlesex University, UK), Philippe Goujon (Laboratory for Ethical Governance of Information Technology ,Facultés Universitaires Notre-Dame de la Paix, Belgium), Aygen Kurt (Middlesex University and LSE, UK), Sylvain Lavelle (Institut Catholique des Arts et Métiers of Lille, France), Norberto Patrignani (Universita' Cattolica di Milano, Italy), Stephen Rainey (Facultés Universitaires Notre-Dame de la Paix, Belgium)and Alessia Santuccio (Universita' Cattolica di Milano, Italy)
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-3670-5.ch009

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Abstract

The elaboration of some paradigms of governance lies upon the opposition between the democratic and the non-democratic, namely, as will be shown and defined, the technocratic (skilled-based power), the ethocratic (virtue-based power), and the epistocratic (wisdom-based power). The point in this opposition is that, contrary to the democratic paradigm, the non-democratic ones assume that the condition for social rules or decisions to be valid is their reflecting, discussing and making by an elite of experts, virtuous or wise individuals or groups. There is no doubt in these paradigms a basic distrust as to the ability of the people to take in charge the public affairs and then to elaborate the appropriate standards and norms accounting for the regulation of actions and conducts. The re-construction of these four paradigms (the democratic and the non-democratic) can be illuminating as regards the interpretation of the actual expert and law-driven trends in the ethical governance of technology. It appears, indeed, that the paradigms of technocracy as well as that of ethocracy still operate in the design of governance settings aimed at regulating research and innovation projects.

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