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The Listening Styles Profile
Abstract
Traditionally, communication scholars have been most concerned with how, when, where, and with whom individuals choose to communicate. While investigating communication events from an encoder perspective is important, it is equally important to investigate communication from a decoder perspective. Many researchers agree that gaining insight into the listening process—how individuals perceive, process, remember and understand oral messages—should enhance our understanding of communication events substantially. There appears to be a good deal of theoretical support for the notion that listening is a multidimensional concept. For example, descriptions of listening constructs such as “appreciative,” “critical,” “discriminative,” and therapeutic” appear throughout the literature. Furthermore, empirical evidence provided by broadly administered listening performance tests highlights considerable individual differences across divergent constructs such as content, relational, and emotional listening. Differences in listening styles reflect attitudes, beliefs, and predispositions about the how, where, when, who, and what of information reception and encoding. Several examples illustrate the diversity of listening styles. Some people prefer listening to factual information or statistics while others favor personal examples and illustrations. Some are more willing to linger on content while others prefer concise and to the point presentations. The Listening Styles Profile (LSP-16) was developed to identify an individual’s predominant listening style (Watson, Barker, & Weaver, 1995). The Listening Styles Profile is a sixteen item inventory designed to assess four distinct listening preferences labeled people, action, content, and time.
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