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Knuckle Crease Patterns in Forensic Biometrics: A Novel Trait for Identity Verification and Investigative Applications
Abstract
Knuckle crease patterns, formed by natural skin folds over finger joints, are emerging as a valuable biometric trait in forensic science and digital identity. Often visible in photographs and surveillance footage, they aid identification when fingerprints or DNA are unavailable. This chapter reviews their anatomical foundations, persistence, and distinctiveness, and examines automated recognition methods from handcrafted descriptors to deep learning, alongside manual classification approaches emphasizing reproducibility. Forensic applications include criminal investigations, child sexual abuse material analysis, disaster victim identification, and multimodal biometrics. Ethical, legal, and evidentiary issues are discussed, and future challenges for validation and responsible implementation are highlighted.
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