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Intelligent Cities
Abstract
In the dawn of the 21st century, information and communication technologies have radically altered the construction of our physical environment. Instead of constructing spaces that intermediate between nature and man’s physical condition, a new orientation is emerging attempting to create spaces that increase man’s intellectual capacity and improve the ways in which we use the environment in order to learn, innovate, and reach new frontiers. Intelligent cities belong to this new orientation; they are part of an ongoing research project for creating environments that improve our cognitive skills, our ability to learn and innovate, to foresee and prevent. Intelligent cities combine two fundamental dimensions of our era: information technologies and innovation systems. …We use the term ‘intelligent city’ to characterize areas (communities, neighborhoods, districts, cities, regions) which have the ability to support learning, technological development, and innovation procedures on the one hand, with digital spaces and information processing, knowledge transfer and technology tools on the other hand. ….There are three basic components of an intelligent city: (1) the island of innovation formed by a community of people, production, exchange and other activities, (2) the virtual innovation system, which includes knowledge management tools and information technologies for online provision of information and innovation services, and (3) the connection between the physical and virtual innovation systems, in other words, the use of the latter by the island’s community. (Komninos, 2002, p. 198, 201). To date, many territories have adopted “intelligent city” strategies. Public authorities in Singapore, Taipei (Taiwan), Spokane (U.S.), Seoul and Songdo (Korea), and Cyberjaya and Putrajaya (Malaysia) have implemented plans to make their cities more “intelligent.” But, the most elaborated illustration of intelligent cities is to be found in the awards of the Intelligent Community Forum (ICF), which assesses communities, cities, and regions with respect to five criteria of innovation performance and digital government. During the last five years, about 20 territories from all over the world were selected by the ICF as top intelligent cities (http://www.intelligent community.org).
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