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Intellectual Property as a Tool for Protecting Cultural Heritage in Post-Conflict Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan

Intellectual Property as a Tool for Protecting Cultural Heritage in Post-Conflict Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan
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Author(s): Miranda Gurgenidze (Georgian Technical University, Georgia)and Giorgi Urtmelidze (TalTech, Georgia)
Copyright: 2026
Pages: 24
Source title: Cultural Heritage Protection and Restoration in Conflict and Post-Conflict Zones
Source Author(s)/Editor(s): Emilia Alaverdov (Georgian Technical University, Georgia)and Muhammad Waseem Bari (Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan)
DOI: 10.4018/979-8-3373-2540-8.ch003

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Abstract

This paper examines the intersection of cultural heritage protection and intellectual property (IP) law in the post-conflict states of Armenia, Georgia, and Azerbaijan. Each country, shaped by historical upheaval and disputes, has developed legal mechanisms to protect tangible and intangible cultural assets. Traditional frameworks like the 1954 Hague Convention and the UNESCO Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage are complemented by IP tools such as geographical indications, copyright, and folklore laws. Georgia protects traditions from Abkhazia and South Ossetia; Azerbaijan applies folklore laws to Shusha; and Armenia integrates IP to safeguard traditional knowledge and religious artifacts. Although progress is evident, challenges in enforcement, awareness, and rural access persist. The paper argues that incorporating IP rights into heritage policies strengthens national identity, supports reconciliation, and enhances sustainable cultural governance in post-conflict societies.

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