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Hydrophytes as a Source of Bioactives for Heavy Metals Remediation: Phytochemical Potential and Mechanisms in Aquatic Plant-Based Detoxification

Hydrophytes as a Source of Bioactives for Heavy Metals Remediation: Phytochemical Potential and Mechanisms in Aquatic Plant-Based Detoxification
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Author(s): Sandeep Kaur (Chandigarh University, India), Ajay Kumar (Chandigarh University, India)and Vaseem Raja (Chandigarh University, India)
Copyright: 2026
Pages: 66
Source title: Hydrophyte Strategies for Heavy Metal Stress Mitigation
Source Author(s)/Editor(s): Mansi Sharma (Sharda University, India), Priyanka Mahajan (Chandigarh University, India)and Har Mohan Singh (Sharda University, India)
DOI: 10.4018/979-8-3373-4037-1.ch004

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Abstract

Heavy metal (HM) contamination is one of the major contributors to environmental pollution and the subsequent low quality of life of the affected populace on a global scale. Specifically, the threat of HM in the groundwater poses a heavy risk to human health and disrupts the stability of aquatic ecosystems. Phytoremediation is a less expensive and green technology, and bioremediation, sustainable systems involving the use of plants to mitigate air, water and soil contaminated with toxic pollutants such as hydrocarbons, heavy metals, industrial wastes, and pesticides, have come up as an eco-friendly solution. Plants living in the water, or the hydrophytes, Pistia stratiotes (water lettuce) and Lemna minor (duckweed), exhibit high levels of tolerance and accumulation to the toxic metals. In the current chapter, we discuss the key biomolecules that are found in the various hydrophytes and are involved in the metabolic pathway in capturing or strengthening the eco-friendly phytoremediation approaches, and to come up with a low-cost, nature-based ecosystem cleaning up approach.

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