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Global Water Resource Challenges
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Author(s): Samanta Alam (Chicago State University, USA), Likhon Chandra Roy (Rajshahi University of Engineering and Technology, Bangladesh), Tekleab Gala (Chicago State University, USA)and Dhananjay Ray (Centre for the Development of Human Initiatives, India)
Copyright: 2026
Pages: 42
Source title:
Computational Intelligence and Optimization Methods for Sustainable Water Management
Source Author(s)/Editor(s): Yassine Ezaier (Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco), Rajae Gaamouche (Moroccan School of Engineering Sciences, Rabat, Morocco)and Mohamed Lahby (Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco)
DOI: 10.4018/979-8-3373-2700-6.ch002
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Abstract
Water is a fundamental resource for human survival, health, and development, yet it faces mounting pressures from rapid population growth, urbanization, industrialization, and climate change. Despite its abundance, covering 71% of the Earth's surface, freshwater constitutes less than 1% of the world's accessible water, and its availability is increasingly compromised by pollution, overextraction, and uneven distribution. This chapter explores the multifaceted nature of global water challenges, focusing on the interrelated issues of scarcity, contamination, climate variability, and governance. It highlights the impacts of salinity, groundwater depletion, waterborne diseases, and inequitable access. Case studies illustrate the socio-environmental consequences of poor water management and a lack of transboundary cooperation. The chapter further examines technological and policy solutions. By integrating scientific evidence, global frameworks, and local practices, the chapter advocates for inclusive, interdisciplinary, and adaptive approaches to water governance.
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