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Finding Answers to Questions, in Text Collections or Web, in Open Domain or Specialty Domains

Finding Answers to Questions, in Text Collections or Web, in Open Domain or Specialty Domains
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Author(s): Brigitte Grau (LIMSI-CNRS and ENSIIE, France)
Copyright: 2012
Pages: 27
Source title: Next Generation Search Engines: Advanced Models for Information Retrieval
Source Author(s)/Editor(s): Christophe Jouis (Universite Paris III, France and LIP6-Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, France), Ismail Biskri (Universite du Quebec A Trois Rivieres, Canada), Jean-Gabriel Ganascia (LIP6 and CNRS-Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, France)and Magali Roux (LIP6 and CNRS-Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, France)
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-0330-1.ch015

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Abstract

This chapter is dedicated to factual question answering, i.e., extracting precise and exact answers to question given in natural language from texts. A question in natural language gives more information than a bag of word query (i.e., a query made of a list of words), and provides clues for finding precise answers. The author first focuses on the presentation of the underlying problems mainly due to the existence of linguistic variations between questions and their answerable pieces of texts for selecting relevant passages and extracting reliable answers. The author first presents how to answer factual question in open domain. The author also presents answering questions in specialty domain as it requires dealing with semi-structured knowledge and specialized terminologies, and can lead to different applications, as information management in corporations for example. Searching answers on the Web constitutes another application frame and introduces specificities linked to Web redundancy or collaborative usage. Besides, the Web is also multilingual, and a challenging problem consists in searching answers in target language documents other than the source language of the question. For all these topics, this chapter presents main approaches and the remaining problems.

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