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Vertical Farming and Hydroponics Leveraging Smart Technologies for Urban Agriculture
Abstract
As urbanization accelerates and arable land becomes increasingly scarce, vertical farming and hydroponics have emerged as innovative solutions for sustainable food production within metropolitan environments. This chapter explores the technological advancements driving vertical farming and hydroponic systems, focusing on the integration of smart technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and cloud-based monitoring. Through IoT-enabled sensors, real-time data on environmental conditions—such as humidity, temperature, and nutrient levels—can be continuously monitored and adjusted for optimal plant growth. AI-driven analytics enhance predictive maintenance and resource optimization, minimizing waste and maximizing yield. Furthermore, automated climate control and LED-based grow lights replicate natural growing conditions, enabling year-round cultivation independent of weather variations. Case studies from global urban farming projects are presented to illustrate the transformative impact of these technologies on food security and sustainability.
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