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The Ecological Model of Human Development
Abstract
This chapter delves into “The Ecological Model of Human Development,” an influential framework formulated by Urie Bronfenbrenner, which posits that human development is shaped by the interplay of multiple environmental systems. Geared towards educators and practitioners in adult learning, the chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the five core systems: the microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem, and chronosystem. By examining these interconnected layers, the chapter elucidates how various factors—from immediate familial and social interactions to broader societal and cultural influences—affect the developmental trajectories of adult learners. The chapter also traces the evolution of Bronfenbrenner's theory through three distinct phases, transitioning from an ecological to a bioecological framework (from 1970s to 2000s). The chapter argues for a holistic approach to adult learning, one that recognizes the complexity of human development and the importance of creating supportive, adaptive learning environments that cater to the diverse needs of adult learners.
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