Sulfur and Nitrogen Chemical Speciation in Crude Oils and Related Carbonaceous Materials

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Author(s): Sudipa Mitra-Kirtley (Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology, USA), Oliver C. Mullins (Schlumberger-Doll Research, USA)and Andrew E. Pomerantz (Schlumberger-Doll Research, USA)
Copyright: 2016
Pages: 31
Source title: Applying Nanotechnology to the Desulfurization Process in Petroleum Engineering
Source Author(s)/Editor(s): Tawfik A. Saleh (Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Saudi Arabia)
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-9545-0.ch002

Keywords: Computer Science & IT / Engineering Science / Engineering Science Reference / Nanotechnology

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Abstract

This chapter gives an overview of sulfur x-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES) studies performed on some carbonaceous materials, viz. crude oil and related materials (asphaltenes, kerogens, bitumens, and resins), and coals. Thiophene, sulfide, sulfoxide, sulfone, pyrite, and sulfate are found in varying amounts in these materials. In source rock bitumens, sulfoxide is more abundant than in the kerogens, while within the kerogens, the less aromatic Type I samples show a smaller ratio of thiophenic/sulfidic sulfur than in Type II samples. Petroleum asphaltenes have a similar sulfur chemistry, regardless of the source or the burial depth. Resins and oil fractions retain the polar sulfoxide species of the parent oil similar to the more polar asphaltenes fractions. More aromatic sulfur species also dominate in the more matured coals than in the younger coals. Studies of nitrogen XANES also reveal that aromatic forms of nitrogen prevail in samples with increased aromatic carbon.

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Sulfur and Nitrogen Chemical Speciation in Crude Oils and Related Carbonaceous Materials

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