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Space Travel and the Musculoskeletal System
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Author(s): Shweta Sharma (Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana, India), Nishchint Banga (Noida International University, India), Ankita Sharma (Amity University, Noida, India), Moattar Raza Rizvi (Dehradun Institute of Technology University, India)and Parul Sharma (Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, India)
Copyright: 2025
Pages: 30
Source title:
Innovations and Challenges in Space Medicine and Healthcare
Source Author(s)/Editor(s): Kyla Latrice Tennin (College of Doctoral Studies, University of Phoenix, USA)and Ilaria Cinelli (Mars University, USA)
DOI: 10.4018/979-8-3693-6869-5.ch010
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Abstract
Extended exposure to microgravity during space travel presents significant musculoskeletal risks for astronauts, primarily resulting in osteoporosis and muscle atrophy. Research indicates that astronauts experience a 1-2% decrease in bone mass per month due to reduced mechanical loading, which leads to increased bone resorption and decreased bone formation. Despite the implementation of exercise regimens aboard the International Space Station (ISS), such as the Advanced Resistive Exercise Device (ARED), bone loss remains a prevalent issue. This study reviews the physiological changes induced by microgravity, including cardiovascular weakening, immune system suppression, and cranial pressure increases that can lead to visual and neurological disturbances. The findings underscore the necessity for ongoing research into effective countermeasures to preserve astronaut health and performance during long-duration space missions, as well as the potential for integrating advanced technologies to enhance training and rehabilitation in microgravity environments.
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