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Sampling in Research
Abstract
Research is aimed at the discovery and interpretation of facts, revision of accepted theories or laws in the light of new facts or practical application of such new or revised theories or laws. A sample provides needed information about the population quickly. However, there is no guarantee that any sample will be precisely representative of the population from which it comes. It is cheaper to observe a part rather than the whole. This chapter is a discussion on sampling in research and it is mainly designed to equip researchers with knowledge of the general issues to consider when sampling. The purpose of sampling in research, dangers of sampling and how to minimize them, types of sampling and guides for deciding the sample size are discussed. For a clear flow of ideas, a few definitions of the terms used are given. They highlight the types and methods of sampling, sampling errors and discusses techniques of sample size determination. Different types of sampling technique, how to carry them out, and their advantages and disadvantages are also introduced.
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