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Retinal Prosthetics
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Author(s): Milan Djilas (Vision Institute (INSERM/CNRS/UMPC), France)and Serge Picaud (Vision Institute (INSERM/CNRS/UMPC), France)
Copyright: 2014
Pages: 30
Source title:
Emerging Theory and Practice in Neuroprosthetics
Source Author(s)/Editor(s): Ganesh R. Naik (University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Australia)and Yina Guo (Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, China)
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-6094-6.ch002
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Abstract
In this chapter, the authors briefly introduce the neuroanatomical basis for vision and explain how the retina processes visual information. Pathology of the retina and the conditions that cause photoreceptor degeneration and lead to blindness are then given, followed by the main part of the chapter in which they present an overview of the concept of restoring vision with visual prosthetics. The focus is specifically on retinal prostheses and electrical stimulation parameters used with these devices. Both in vitro and in vivo animal studies from the last decade are surveyed, together with the latest results from human trials conducted in multiple research centers worldwide. Eventually, the authors discuss current open issues of the technology, such as implant placement, biocompatibility, electrode design, and safety. In the final section, they give their opinion on future developments and perspectives.
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