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Replicating the Role of the Human Retina for a Cortical Visual Neuroprosthesis
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Author(s): Samuel Romero (University of Granada, Spain), Christian Morillas (University of Granada, Spain), Antonio Martínez (University of Alicante, Spain), Begoña del Pino (University of Granada, Spain), Francisco Pelayo (University of Granada, Spain)and Eduardo Fernández (University Miguel Hernández, Spain)
Copyright: 2013
Pages: 20
Source title:
Image Processing: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications
Source Author(s)/Editor(s): Information Resources Management Association (USA)
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-3994-2.ch075
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Abstract
Neuroengineering is an emerging research field combining the latest findings from neuroscience with developments in a variety of engineering disciplines to create artificial devices, mainly for therapeutical purposes. In this chapter, an application of this field to the development of a visual neuroprosthesis for the blind is described. Electrical stimulation of the visual cortex in blind subjects elicits the perception of visual sensations called phosphenes, a finding that encourages the development of future electronic visual prostheses. However, direct stimulation of the visual cortex would miss a significant degree of image processing that is carried out by the retina. The authors describe a biologically-inspired retina-like processor designed to drive the implanted stimulator using visual inputs from one or two cameras. This includes dynamic response modeling with minimal latency. The outputs of the retina-like processor are comparable to those recorded in biological retinas that are exposed to the same stimuli and allow estimation of the original scene.
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