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Quality Management System and Practice
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Author(s): Fozia Asif (Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan)and Minhaj Ahmed Qidwai (Al-Kawthar University, Karachi, Pakistan & American Institute of Healthcare Quality, Pakistan & Unet Consultants, Canada)
Copyright: 2026
Pages: 14
Source title:
Enhancing Client, Family, and Community Health Management: Self, Society, State, Systems, and Spirituality
Source Author(s)/Editor(s): Minhaj A. Qidwai (Al-Kawthar University, Karachi, Pakistan & American Institute of Healthcare Quality, Pakistan & Unet Consultants, Canada)
DOI: 10.4018/979-8-3693-9092-4.ch004
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Abstract
A quality management system (QMS) integrates planning, assurance, control, and improvement to effectively meet customer needs. In healthcare, where complex interactions involve human patients, advanced technology, and critical infrastructure, the challenges are significant, especially as patients seek care when most vulnerable. Accreditations and certifications provide structured frameworks to assess elements like infrastructure and human resources, using audits based on documentation, observations, and interviews. Though resource-intensive, these methods are the gold standard for healthcare evaluation. However, these processes have limitations. Clinicians often lack evidence of their impact on outcomes, and the focus on accreditation may detract from care quality. In high-income countries (HICs), focusing on quality improvement initiatives is key, while low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) must address all QMS components, given greater systemic challenges. A holistic approach to QMS is essential for meaningful progress, especially in LMICs.
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