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Partial Discharge Detection and Location in Transformers Using UHF Techniques
Abstract
Power transformers can exhibit partial discharge (PD) activity due to incipient weaknesses in the insulation system. A certain level of PD may be tolerated because corrective maintenance requires the transformer to be removed from service. However, PD cannot simply be ignored because it can provide advance warning of potentially serious faults, which in the worst cases might lead to complete failure of the transformer. Conventional monitoring based on dissolved gas analysis does not provide information on the defect location that is necessary for a complete assessment of severity. This chapter describes the use of ultra-high frequency (UHF) sensors to detect and locate sources of PD in transformers. The UHF technique was developed for gas-insulated substations in the 1990s and its application has been extended to power transformers, where time difference of arrival methods can be used to locate PD sources. This chapter outlines the basis for UHF detection of PD, describes various UHF sensors and their installation, and provides examples of successful PD location in power transformers.
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