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Nurse Empowerment Through Dynamic xMOOCs Using a 4D Development Model Approach
Abstract
This chapter examines the creation of an xMOOC (Massive Open Online Course) aimed at advancing the professional development of registered nurses (RNs) through the application of the 4D model (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate) established by S. Thiagarajan in 1974. The 4D model offers a structured, sequential framework for developing interactive learning experiences specifically designed for nursing education. However, considering the significant evolution of educational technology since the introduction of the 4D model, this chapter also incorporates the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework. TPACK enhances the 4D model by focusing on the essential intersections of technology, pedagogy, and content knowledge in instructional design. This dual-framework methodology establishes an extended massive open online course(xMOOC) that encourages active learning, cultivates vital nursing competencies, and facilitates ongoing continuing professional development (CPD) in the rapidly changing healthcare landscape. By leveraging the synergistic capabilities of the 4D model and TPACK, the xMOOC ensures that technology augments learning outcomes and pedagogical methodologies while maintaining flexibility and accessibility for practising nurses. The chapter examines the wider ramifications of xMOOCs in democratising education, particularly for nurses in underprivileged regions where continuing professional development alternatives are limited. This xMOOC enables nurses to apply theoretical knowledge to practical scenarios, enhancing clinical decision-making abilities and fostering accountability for their continuous education through simulations, case studies, and interactive discussions. The scalability of xMOOCs guarantees their capacity to meet the increasing demand for accessible, high-quality nursing education. The chapter concludes by outlining essential strategies for enhancing each phase of the 4D model in xMOOC development. It outlines how educational technologies and TPACK might augment engagement, ensure pedagogical integrity, and maintain flexibility in delivery. This xMOOC aims to enhance nursing competence, foster empowerment, and improve patient care outcomes by integrating conventional instructional design with contemporary technological frameworks.
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