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Numerical Study of Stratification and Radiation in MHD Fe3O4-Cu-Kerosene/Engine Oil Flow on Cylinder
Abstract
This study investigates the effects of stratification, radiation, and MHD flow on the behavior of a ternary hybrid nanofluid (Fe3O4-Cu-kerosene/engine oil) along a stretching-shrinking cylinder within a porous medium. Using conservation laws and similarity transformations, the governing PDEs are transformed into ODEs and solved with MATLAB's bvp4c function, revealing key thermal and dynamic characteristics. Findings show that ternary hybrid nanofluids, with enhanced thermal conductivity, outperform conventional nanofluids. Both temperature and velocity decrease under heat stratification, while heat transfer rates significantly improve in hybrid nanofluids. These insights support applications in environmental monitoring technologies, such as pollution control, thermal sensors, chemical detection, and water treatment. Understanding the flow of ternary hybrid nanofluids under these factors aids in enhancing global health technologies through improved performance and efficiency.
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