Introduction

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Author(s): Katina Michael (University of Wollongong, Australia)and M.G. Michael (University of Wollongong, Australia)
Copyright: 2009
Pages: 24
Source title: Innovative Automatic Identification and Location-Based Services: From Bar Codes to Chip Implants
Source Author(s)/Editor(s): Katina Michael (University of Wollongong, Australia)and M.G. Michael (University of Wollongong, Australia)
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-59904-795-9.ch001

Keywords: Computer Science & IT / Information Science Reference / Mobile and Wireless Computing / Sensor Technologies

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Abstract

This study is concerned with the automatic identification (auto-ID) industry which first came to prominence in the early 1970s. Auto-ID belongs to that larger sector known as information technology (IT). As opposed to manual identification, auto-ID is the act of identifying a living or nonliving thing without direct human intervention. Of course, the process of auto-ID data capture and collection requires some degree of human intervention, but the very act of authenticating or verifying an entity can now be done automatically. An entity can possess a unique code indicating personal identification or a group code indicating conformity to a common set of characteristics. Some of the most prominent examples of auto-ID techniques that will be explored in this book include bar code, magnetic-stripe, integrated circuit (IC), biometric and radio-frequency identification (RFID). The devices in which these techniques are packaged include a variety of form factors such as labels and tags, card technologies, human feature recognition, and implants. Generally the devices are small in size, not larger than that of a standard credit card. There has been a visible trend towards miniaturization through the development of mini-cards and tiny RFID tags (some even as minute as pinheads).

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