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Global Environmental Change and Emerging Infectious Diseases: Macrolevel Drivers and Policy Responses

Global Environmental Change and Emerging Infectious Diseases: Macrolevel Drivers and Policy Responses
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Author(s): Catherine Machalaba (EcoHealth Alliance and Future Earth oneHEALTH, USA), Cristina Romanelli (Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity, Canada & United Nations University - International Institute for Global Health, Malaysia)and Peter Stoett (Concordia University, Canada)
Copyright: 2019
Pages: 34
Source title: Healthcare Policy and Reform: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications
Source Author(s)/Editor(s): Information Resources Management Association (USA)
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-6915-2.ch003

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Abstract

The prediction of emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) and the avoidance of their tremendous social and economic costs is contingent on the identification of their most likely drivers. It is argued that the drivers of global environmental change (and climate change as both a driver and an impact) are often the drivers of EIDs; and that the two overlap to such a strong degree that targeting these drivers is sound epidemiological policy. Several drivers overlap with the leading causes of biodiversity loss, providing opportunities for health and biodiversity sectors to generate synergies at local and global levels. This chapter provides a primer on EID ecology, reviews underlying drivers and mechanisms that facilitate pathogen spillover and spread, provides suggested policy and practice-based actions toward the prevention of EIDs in the context of environmental change, and identifies knowledge gaps for the purpose of further research.

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