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Facilitating E-Commerce Adoption: An Electronic Customs System
Abstract
International trade conducted electronically is seen as a major driver of globalisation. We argue that the development of international electronic trade might grow faster if adequate governmental regulations support it. Based on a literature review and EU/OECD reports, we demonstrate how legislation is important for the success of international e-commerce. In particular, we focus on EU e-customs regulations and related IT systems. We show how e-customs systems might be used as a tool for e-commerce adoption facilitation. As an example we consider Switzerland as a non-EU country having to adapt its regulations to be EU compliant and therefore facilitate international trade for local companies. We analyse the situation of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Switzerland, and study eight factors that can change after e-customs implementation and possible advantages yielded by such implementations. Finally, we propose factors related to e-customs implementation: increased control of the customs office, less entry errors, electronic notice of VAT assessment, data and communication standardisation, declaration possible 24 hours a day and more transparent export process; as well as three EU customs regulations: Integrated Tariff of the European Communities, Modernised Customs Code, and Community Customs Code that can enhance e-commerce adoption.
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