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Elucidating the Phytochemical and Pharmacological Potential of Myristica fragrans (Nutmeg)
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Author(s): Ena Gupta (Department of Home Science, University of Allahabad, India)
Copyright: 2020
Pages: 10
Source title:
Ethnopharmacological Investigation of Indian Spices
Source Author(s)/Editor(s): Neha Mishra (Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, India)
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-2524-1.ch004
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Abstract
Myristica fragrans or nutmeg is a ground spice of the family Myristicaceae. Its tree has dark leaves mainly cultivated in Grenada, Malaysia, and Kerala. It is majorly a source of two spices derived from its fruit: nutmeg (jaiphal) from its seed and mace (javitri) from the covering of seed. The important bioactive constituents present in nutmeg include macelignan, carvacrol, myristicin, β-caryophyllene, β-pinene, α-pinene, p-cymene, and eugenol. Low doses of nutmeg do not cause any side effects whereas after consuming 5g toxic overdose occurs, and central nervous system (CNS) effects were induced after consuming 1 to 2 mg/kg b.wt. of nutmeg. Various therapeutic or medicinal applications were shown by nutmeg such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, aphrodisiac, anticancer, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, and cardioprotective activity. This review chapter focuses on ethnobotany, phytochemistry, acceptable daily intake, and different pharmacological actions of this medicinal plant.
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