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Bridging Climate Risk, Energy Transition, and Financial Market Resilience: A Comparative Analysis Across Income Groups

Bridging Climate Risk, Energy Transition, and Financial Market Resilience: A Comparative Analysis Across Income Groups
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Author(s): Amir Ahmad Dar (Lovely Professional University, India), Sukriti Kakkar (Lovely Professional University, India), Vanshita Arora (Lovely Professional University, India)and Hibah Himmath (B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, India)
Copyright: 2026
Pages: 38
Source title: Impacts of Climate Risk and Energy Consumption on Financial Markets
Source Author(s)/Editor(s): Abdelkader Mohamed Sghaier Derbali (Taibah University, Saudi Arabia)
DOI: 10.4018/979-8-3373-6766-8.ch010

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Abstract

This chapter bridges the gap by analyzing climate vulnerability, energy transition policies, and financial market implications across income groups using the 2022 Climate Risk Index (CRI), population, GDP per capita, and carbon pricing instruments. Results show an inverse relationship between GDP per capita and climate risk: high-income countries such as the United States, Germany, and France record lower CRI scores due to resilience, strong institutions, and mitigation capacity, while low- and lower-middle-income nations like Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Niger face heightened risks from limited adaptive capacity. Population amplifies vulnerability in densely populated countries, though not uniformly. Carbon pricing analysis reveals robust systems in advanced economies compared to limited adoption in vulnerable nations. By linking CRI with policy readiness and financial stability, the chapter highlights structural inequities and offers recommendations for strengthening resilience, incentivizing low-carbon investment, and safeguarding markets against escalating climate risks.

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