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Articulating Biomaterials: Surface Engineering, Tribology, and Biocompatibility

Articulating Biomaterials: Surface Engineering, Tribology, and Biocompatibility
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Author(s): Vamsi Krishna Balla (CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, India), Mitun Das (CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, India), Someswar Datta (CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, India)and Biswanath Kundu (CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, India)
Copyright: 2015
Pages: 50
Source title: Processing Techniques and Tribological Behavior of Composite Materials
Source Author(s)/Editor(s): Rajnesh Tyagi (Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, India)and J. Paulo Davim (University of Aveiro, Portugal)
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-7530-8.ch009

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Abstract

This chapter examines the importance of surface characteristics such as microstructure, composition, crystallographic texture, and surface free energy in achieving desired biocompatibility and tribological properties thereby improving in vivo life of artificial articulating implants. Current implants often fail prematurely due to inadequate mechanical, tribological, biocompatibility, and osseointegration properties, apart from issues related to design and surgical procedures. For long-term in vivo stability, artificial implants intended for articulating joint replacement must exhibit long-term stable articulation surface without stimulating undesirable in vivo effects. Since the implant's surface plays a vital and decisive role in their response to biological environment, and vice versa, surface modification of implants assumes a significant importance. Therefore, overview on important surface modification techniques, their capabilities, properties of modified surfaces/implants are presented in the chapter. The clinical performance of surface modified implants and new surfaces for potential next-generation articulating implant applications are discussed at the end.

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