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A Bibliometric Review of AI-Driven Green Education Using the Four-in-Balance Framework for Sustainable Learning Environments

A Bibliometric Review of AI-Driven Green Education Using the Four-in-Balance Framework for Sustainable Learning Environments
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Author(s): Saima Javed (Zhejiang Normal University), Tahira Javed (Shandong Xiehe University, China), Zineb Draissi (Zhejiang Normal University, China), Nadia Rehman (Zhejiang Normal University, China), Sufyan Maqbool (Zhejiang Normal University, China)and Uzma Sarwar (Huanggang Normal University, China)
Copyright: 2026
Pages: 34
Source title: AI-Powered Cognitive Tutors and the New Frontier of Personalized Learning
Source Author(s)/Editor(s): Samra Maqbool (Beijing Normal University, China), Hafiz Muhammad Ihsan Zafeer (Zhejiang Normal University, China)and Ayesha Tariq (The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan)
DOI: 10.4018/979-8-3373-4217-7.ch007

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Abstract

This chapter provides a thematic and bibliometric review of the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in education to promote green learning environments and sustainability. We used VOSviewer to map research trends and collaborative clusters in accordance with SDG 4.7 under the Four-in-Balance model: Vision, Infrastructure, Digital Content, and Competencies. The literature showed rapid expansion in learning analytics and e-learning; sustainability and the SDGs; higher education's institutional reform and digital adoption; and emerging technologies, including big data, generative AI, and Industry 4.0. The results show uneven progress: Vision and Competencies lag, leading to fragmented, reactive adoption, while Infrastructure and Digital Content have improved, including intelligent tutoring, IoT-enabled classrooms, and adaptable resources. Few institutions incorporate environmental goals into strategy, and persistent gaps in AI literacy and sustainability skills limit responsible use.

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