Water Footprint and Virtual Water Trade of Cash Crops

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Author(s): Sunakshi Budhiraja (TERI School of Advanced Studies, India), Sukanya Das (TERI School of Advanced Studies, India)and Badri Narayanan Gopala Krishnan (University of Washington, Seattle, USA)
Copyright: 2021
Pages: 21
Source title: Examining the Intersection of Circular Economy, Forestry, and International Trade
Source Author(s)/Editor(s): Badri Narayanan Gopalakrishnan (University of Washington, USA), Taranjeet Duggal (Amity University, India)and Tavishi Tewary (Jaipuria Institute of Management Noida, India)
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-4990-2.ch015

Keywords: Business Science Reference / Economics and Economic Theory / Environment & Agriculture / Sustainable Development

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Abstract

Virtual water flows (VWF) among states or countries have been proposed as a viable solution to mitigate water scarcity. The aim of this study is to assess the virtual water content and flows from India, for six cash crops, coffee, cotton, jute, sugarcane, tea, and tobacco, and their derived products over a period 1980-2013. The virtual water trade (VWT) estimates across three time periods show India to be a net exporter of virtual water for all the cash crops, except jute. The quantity of virtual water traded has increased over the decades with the increase in the quantum of crops traded. With free trade policies and the opening up of the economy, export quantities increased during the 1990s and the period thereafter, leading to larger virtual water exports. Sustainable agricultural practices for all crops, and in all countries, can help in reducing the water flow of these crops and help in controlling the water scarcity solution.

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