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The Observer's Paradox in Doctoral Ethnographic Fieldwork: Challenges and Solutions

The Observer's Paradox in Doctoral Ethnographic Fieldwork: Challenges and Solutions
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Author(s): Lalu Nurul Yaqin (Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Brunei)
Copyright: 2026
Pages: 26
Source title: International Student Narratives in Globalized Higher Education
Source Author(s)/Editor(s): Irham Irham (Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia), Miftahul Huda (Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, Indonesia & University of Antwerp, Belgium)and Lalu Nurul Yaqin (Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Brunei)
DOI: 10.4018/979-8-3373-4212-2.ch016

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Abstract

This article explores the observer's paradox as a persistent and deeply personal challenge in doctoral ethnographic fieldwork. Drawing on immersive research in a linguistically and ritually rich community, the author reflects on the tensions between presence and authenticity, access and ethics, and the evolving identity of the researcher. Through detailed narratives, the study traces the transformation from outsider to participant-observer, highlighting how tools such as notebooks and tape recorders simultaneously enable and disrupt the data collection process. The work underscores that the observer's paradox is not a methodological flaw to be eliminated but a relational condition to be acknowledged and navigated. By embracing uncertainty, practicing ethical reflexivity, and engaging in interpretive dialogue with participants, the researcher redefines validity not as objectivity but as accountability.

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