TDOA-Based Acoustic Direction Finding

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Author(s): Xunxue Cui (Anhui University of Science and Technology, China), Kegen Yu (Wuhan University, China)and Songsheng Lu (New Star Institute of Applied Technology, China)
Copyright: 2018
Pages: 39
Source title: Positioning and Navigation in Complex Environments
Source Author(s)/Editor(s): Kegen Yu (Wuhan University, China)
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-3528-7.ch005

Keywords: Information Science Reference / Media & Communications / Networking and Telecommunications / Wireless Systems

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Abstract

This chapter focuses on estimating the azimuth and elevation angles of a sound emitter based on time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA) measurements using an array of acoustic sensors. The TDOA-based direction-finding problem is appropriate because in a range of scenarios the source only emits a transient signal and TDOA measurements provide a simple method of finding the direction of the received signal. Given the measurement of TDOA, three methods for calculating the actual bearing of an acoustic source are considered—algebraic calculations based on trigonometric functions, linear least squares, and nonlinear least squares—and these results are also compared with the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB). In this chapter, a comprehensive analysis of TDOA-based direction-finding methods is presented with regard to different application conditions, while their estimation performances are analysed with both simulation and field experimental results produced by 3-D microphone array.

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TDOA-Based Acoustic Direction Finding

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