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Climate Change Overview
Abstract
There is overwhelming scientific evidence that we are experiencing global warming, and that is it due to human-made greenhouse gas emissions, not to a “natural” cycle. Two key indicators of climate change had record-breaking years in 2016: the global mean surface temperature was the highest since recording began in 1880, and the average Arctic sea ice extent was the smallest annual average since record-keeping began in 1979. The greenhouse effect, caused by the burning of fossil fuels, has accelerated as carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere has soared to more than 400 parts per million (ppm). As a result of global warming, sea levels are projected to rise at least one-meter (39.4 inches), possibly two meters (78.7 inches), by 2100. It is vitally important that the nations of the world reduce CO2 emissions to slow down global warming. This chapter gives an overview of domestic and global trends in, and impacts from, climate change.
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