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Innovation by Necessity vs. by Will: Economic Implications for the Society in the Second Knowledge Era
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Author(s): Stanley Loh (Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil & Technological Faculty of SENAC, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil)
Copyright: 2014
Volume: 1
Issue: 1
Pages: 12
Source title:
International Journal of Civic Engagement and Social Change (IJCESC)
Editor(s)-in-Chief: Susheel Chhabra (Periyar Management and Computer College, India)
DOI: 10.4018/ijcesc.2014010101
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Abstract
The first phase of the Information Era (or Knowledge Era) generated improvements in productivity. Nowadays, society is living in the Second Phase of this era, characterized by innovations directed for the human welfare. Innovations may be guided by governments or companies, following planned or perceived obsolescence. However, as part of a Darwinist approach, innovations cannot be controlled and evolve as a living being. The paper discusses how innovations develop in a complex system, and how incentives, needs and will interfere in the creation and adoption of innovations in the Society. The paper also discusses how individual will and needs may influence social innovation towards eliminating social and economic inequality or creating inequality, preserving individualities and folk cultures. The paper presents some possible directions to achieve this.
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