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Geometrically Invariant Image Watermarking Using Histogram Adjustment
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Author(s): Zhuoqian Liang (College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China), Bingwen Feng (College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China), Xuba Xu (College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China), Xiaotian Wu (Department of Computer Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China, and State Key Laboratory of Information Security, Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China)and Tao Yang (Key Lab of Information Network Security, Ministry of Public Security, Shanghai, China)
Copyright: 2018
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Pages: 13
Source title:
International Journal of Digital Crime and Forensics (IJDCF)
Editor(s)-in-Chief: Feng Liu (Chinese Academy of Sciences, China)
DOI: 10.4018/IJDCF.2018010105
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Abstract
In this article, a blind image watermarking scheme, which is a robust against common image processing and geometric attacks is proposed by adopting the concept of histogram-based embedding. The average filter is employed to low-pass pre-filter the host image. The watermark bits are embedded into the histogram of the low-frequency component and the template bits are embedded in the high-frequency residual. The embedding is performed by adjusting the value of two consecutive histogram bins. Furthermore, a post-quantization is employed after the embedding round to improve robustness. All pixel modifications incurred are based on the human visual system (HVS) characteristics. As a result, a good tradeoff between robustness and imperceptibility is achieved. Experimental results reported the satisfactory performance of the proposed scheme with respect to both common image processing and geometric attacks.
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